Graham Sutherland Dulwich Picture Gallery, London SE21; until 25 September. However, Sutherland's final preparatory sketch was exhibited publicly at the Olympia Fine Art and Antiques Fair in London in 2003, having been lost for 25 years. He was an official war artist in the Second World War. [11] Between 1940 and 1945, Sutherland was employed as a full-time, salaried artist by the War Artists' Advisory Committee. Graham Sutherland. Born 1903, London. [4], In 1955, Sutherland and his wife purchased a property near Nice. [1] Sutherland taught at a number of art colleges, notably at Chelsea School of Art and at Goldsmiths College, where he had been a student. Graham Sutherland : biography 24 August 1903 – 17 January 1980 Graham Vivian Sutherland OM (24 August 1903 – 17 February 1980) was an English artist. At the official unveiling he said, tongue firmly in cheek, "It is a remarkable piece of modern art - it certainly combines force and candour". [13] A number of features reoccur within this body of work, for example, the fallen lift shafts that were often the most recognizable aspect of larger bombed buildings and a double row of bombed houses Sutherland saw in the Silvertown area of the East End. In early 1954, Sutherland was commissioned to design the tapestry for Basil Spence's new Coventry Cathedral. Read more. Eventually, in 1955, he purchased the villa Tempe à Pailla designed by the Irish architect Eileen Gray at Menton. Sutherland contributed to the International Surrealist Exhibition in London and was an Official War Artist. From June 1942, Sutherland painted further industrial scenes, first at tin mines in Cornwall then at a limestone quarry in Derbyshire and then at open-cast and underground coal mines in the Swansea area of South Wales. The same year he also taught painting at Goldsmiths' School of Art. Graham Sutherland 1903-80 Devastation, 1941: An East End Street 1941 N05736 Ink, watercolour, gouache, crayon and pencil on paper mounted on hardboard 648 x 1140 (25 1/2 x 44 7/8) Inscribed in black gouache ‘Sutherland 1941’ t.r. As an official War Artist, Sutherland depicted bomb damage in London but it was not until after the war that he started to become really well known. Sutherland had been a war artist in the Second World War, and was a convert to Roman Catholicism. He is perhaps most famous for his ‘Christ in Glory’, the world’s largest tapestry in Coventry Cathedral. From his portrait work, Sutherland acquired several patrons in Italy and took to spending the summer in Venice. London, Graham Sutherland (1903-1980) is renowned for his surreal abstractions of landscapes and figures.Over the course of his career, Sutherland's aesthetic evolved from a more precise realism to concentrating on disquieting, thorn-shaped caricatures of the world. Born in London in 1903, Sutherland worked as an engineering draughtsman at Derby railway works at his father's insistence, before studying etching at Goldsmiths' College of Art. [19] In all, Sutherland painted over fifty portraits, often of European aristocrats or senior businessmen. Graham Vivian Sutherland OM (24 August 1903 – 17 February 1980) was an English artist, notable for glass, fabrics, prints and portraits. [22] From 1948 until 1954, Sutherland served as a trustee of the Tate gallery. 'The sordidness and the … [1], Graham Sutherland was born in Streatham in London, the son of a lawyer who later became a civil servant in the Land Registry Office and the Board of Education. He recorded bomb damage in rural and urban Wales towards the end of 1940, then bomb damage caused by the Blitz in the City and East End of London. In 1951, Sutherland was commissioned to produce a large work for the Festival of Britain. Sutherland had first-hand experience of war. [7] Much of his work from this point until the end of his life incorporates motifs taken from the area, such as the estuaries at Sandy Haven and Picton. After an apprenticeship and working as an engineer for the railroad, Graham Sutherland studied art at Goldsmiths' College School of Art in London from 1920 until 1925. Roger Berthoud, ‘Sutherland, Graham Vivian (1903–1980)’, Sutherland's Portrait of Winston Churchill, "Secret of Winston Churchill's unpopular Sutherland portrait revealed", "War Artists - World War Two on Canvas and Paper Part One: The Home Front", "Correspondence with Artists, Graham Sutherland", "Winston Churchill, Graham Sutherland (1954)", "The Artist Winston Churchill Loved to Hate", "Graham Sutherland (1903–1980), Venice Biennale participation", 131 paintings by or after Graham Sutherland, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Graham_Sutherland&oldid=997868137, Academics of Goldsmiths, University of London, Alumni of Goldsmiths, University of London, People associated with the Tate galleries, People educated at Homefield Preparatory School, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from July 2020, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TePapa identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 1962 – Honorary Doctor of Letters, Oxford University, This page was last edited on 2 January 2021, at 16:57. [15][16] In all Sutherland completed some 150 paintings as part of his WAAC commission.[11]. Sutherland’s “thorn period” began with the Crucifixion (1946) for St. Matthew’s Church, Northampton, considered to be one of the most important religious paintings of … In London he concentrated on recording the effects of the enemy bombs falling on the East End and the City. Available for sale from Anders Wahlstedt Fine Art, Graham Sutherland, Bees (1977), Etching and aquatint on paper, 22 1/4 × 17 3/4 in Sutherland's portrait of Churchill, to mark his 80th birthday caused a sensation at its unveiling in 1954, and was subsequently destroyed by the sitter's wife. Having left Britain, his work lost something of its original edge. From 1940 to 1945 he was employed as an Official War Artist, mainly recording the effects of bombing; his poignant pictures of shattered buildings are among the most famous images of the home front. In the event, Sutherland's commission in 1951 was for a tapestry of Christ in Glory. [7], At the start of World War Two, the Chelsea School of Art closed for the duration of the conflict and Sutherland moved to rural Gloucestershire. His reputation eclipsed that of contemporaries including Francis Bacon. His work was much inspired by landscape and religion, and he designed the tapestry for the re-built Coventry Cathedral. [8] These pieces are mainly landscapes, which show an affinity with the work of Paul Nash. Graham Sutherland. ; He was not the kindest of portrait painters. A radio play, Portrait of Winston, by Jonathan Smith, is a dramatisation of his portrait of Winston Churchill. He developed his art by working in watercolours before switching to using oil paints in the 1940s. Yet he was once a household name in Britain. [10] Sutherland visited the area every year, until the start of the Second World War. [1] Sutherland's Portrait of Winston Churchill (1954) greatly upset the sitter, who initially refused to accept its presentation. The painting shows the war-time destruction. Graham Sutherland is one of the forgotten men of 20th century British art. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. [8] Oil paintings of the Welsh landscape dominated his first one-man exhibition of paintings held in September 1938 at the Rosenberg and Helft Gallery in London. In 2003, the centenary of his birth, there was no major retrospective of Graham Sutherland's work on show. Graham Vivian Sutherland (24 August 1903 – 17 February 1980) was an English artist who is notable for his work in glass, fabrics, prints and portraits. It had been the spiky shapes of thorn bushes, evoking the cruelty of the Crown of Thorns, which inspired him at the end of the War, when he began thinking about religious subjects such as the … John Hayes, The Art of Graham Sutherland, Phaidon Press Limited, Oxford, 1980, cat. Living abroad led to something of a decline in his status in Britain. Beginning in 1949, Sutherland painted a number of portraits, with those of Somerset Maugham and Lord Beaverbrook among the most famous. Sutherland, Graham (1903–80). Graham Sutherland, who was already a close friend, was invited to become such an artist and in fact, due to his and Kathleen’s worsening economic situation, was persuaded to sub-let their house in Trottiscliffe, Kent and move in with the Clarks at Upton House, Gloucestershire in 1939. He dedicated himself to print-making during the 1920s, producing romantic landscapes, and later worked with watercolours, and finally, during the 1940s, in oil. There were major retrospective shows at the Institute of Contemporary Arts in 1951, the Tate in 1982, the Musée Picasso, Antibes, France in 1998 and the Dulwich Picture Gallery in 2005. Graham Sutherland was born in 1903 in Streatham. Graham Vivian Sutherland (24 August 1903 – 17 February 1980) was an English artist who is notable for his work in glass, fabrics, prints and portraits. His work was much inspired by landscape and religion, and he designed the tapestry for the re-built Coventry Cathedral. A number of portrait commissions in the 1950s proved highly controversial. [19] A major exhibition of rarely seen works on paper by Sutherland, curated by artist George Shaw, was shown in Oxford, in 2011–12. In 1960, Graham Sutherland was awarded the Order of Merit. Graham Sutherland attended Homefield Preparatory School in Sutton and was then educated at Epsom College, Surrey until 1919. [clarification needed] Sometimes he was able to combine religious symbolism with nature, such as with putting thorns into his religious artwork. no.135, illustrated p.160. He started work in Swansea moving through London and the Midlands, Derbyshire, Cornwall and finally Trappes in France. Died 1980 Graham Sutherland started his working life as a railway engineering apprentice but after a year, he left to study art at Goldsmiths' College in London from 1920-25. Graham Vivian Sutherland OM (24 August 1903 – 17 February 1980) was an English artist who is notable for his work in glass, fabrics, prints and portraits. The thorn tree is one of the most important themes in Sutherland’s art. Graham Vivian Sutherland OM (24 August 1903 – 17 February 1980) was an English artist who is notable for his work in glass, fabrics, prints and portraits. There being no vacancies at his first choice, the Slade School of Fine Art, he entered Goldsmiths' School of Art in 1921, specialising in engraving and etching before graduating in 1926. [5] Between 1935 and 1940, he also taught composition and book illustration at Chelsea. The couple, who were inseparable, lived at various locations in Kent before eventually buying a property in Trottiscliffe in 1945. Graham Sutherland was a British painter best known for his Surrealist abstractions of landscapes and figures. GRAHAM SUTHERLAND British, 1903-1980. Aged thirty-six at the outbreak of war, and therefore considered too old for active service, Graham Sutherland was one of along list of artists drawn up by Clark as essential to his war art project. 10 works by Graham Sutherland, a British artist born in 1903. It is for his surreal, organic oil paintings inspired by the wild coastline of Pembrokeshire that Sutherland is best known. [5], Sutherland returned to Wales in September 1941 to work on a series of paintings of blast furnaces. Winston Churchill detested Sutherland's portrait of him as a declining old man. [21] He exhibited in the British Pavilion at the Venice Biennale in 1952 along with Edward Wadsworth and the New Aspects of British Sculpture Group. Graham Vivian Sutherland was a well respected English artist whose surreal works with watercolours and oils – primarily those featuring landscapes of the Pembrokeshire coast – … Graham Sutherland: The Crucifixion (St Aidan's) ... During World War II Sutherland was employed as an official artist as part of the War Artists' Scheme. [18] However, some of Sutherland's studies for the portrait have survived. From 1947 into the 1960s, his work was inspired by the landscape of the French Riviera, and he spent several months there each year. Find an in-depth biography, exhibitions, original artworks for sale, the latest news, and sold auction prices. His work from this period includes two suites of prints The Bees (1976–77) and Apollinaire (1978–79). He divided his last years between Kent, where he had rented the White House in Trottiscliffe (pronounced Trosley) from 1937 and had purchased it after the War, and the South of France, where, in 1955, he had bought a … Griggs. Inscribed on back of board in black ‘DEVASTATION 1941 | CITY, TWISTED GIRDERS | Graham Sutherland’ upside down Presented by the War Artists Advisory … He attended Epsom School and then studied art at Goldsmith’s School of Art (1921-26) where he quickly became a highly skilled etcher. The Graham Sutherland exhibition, like its predecessors devoted to John Piper and Henry Moore, revisits a major figure from a now somewhat neglected generation who dominated the British art scene in the 1930s and 1940s. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. [23], Although Sutherland had converted to Catholicism in 1926, and from 1950 until he died was deeply involved in religion, he never stopped creating work based on nature and natural forms. He served as an official war artist in the Second World War drawing industrial scenes on the British home front. [2] It was subsequently destroyed on the orders of Churchill's wife, Clementine. His work was much inspired by landscape and religion, and he designed the tapestry for the re-built Coventry Cathedral. Early life He was born in Streatham, the son of a lawyer who later became a civil servant … Graham Sutherland was a wartime artist who painted this scene of what use to be a tall building in London. However, in 1967, for an Italian television documentary, Sutherland visited Pembrokeshire for the first time in over twenty years and became inspired by the landscape to regularly work in the region until his death. Painter. Sutherland spent four months from the end of March 1944 at the Royal Ordnance Factory at Woolwich Arsenal working on a series of five paintings for WAAC. Sutherland visited steel works in Cardiff and Swansea in 1941 and 1942. His work was much inspired by landscape and religion, and he designed the tapestry for the re-built Coventry Cathedral. He was a member of the 1940s neo-Romantic movement and, like the 19th century Romantics, eulogised a natural British landscape untouched by the ravages of industrialisation and war. English Artists Modern Art War Art Art Illustration Art Artist Inspiration British Art Painting British Artist Thunderstruck Graham Sutherland (British, 1903-1980), Devastation in the East End, 1941. [9] Sutherland converted to Catholicism in December 1926, the year before his marriage to Kathleen Barry (1905-1991), who had been a fellow student at Goldsmith's College. When an artist was needed to create a massive centrepiece for the new cathedral at Coventry, which was to be a showcase of English modern art, Sutherland was the obvious choice. Your guide to everything from drama to dance, painting to poetry. [6] In both 1925 and 1928, Sutherland exhibited drawings and engravings at the XXI Gallery in London. Beaverbrook regarded his portrait by Sutherland, which clearly depicted him as cunning and reptilian, as both an 'outrage' and a 'masterpiece'. Winston Churchill hated Sutherland's depiction of him. Churchill's wife had the painting burnt a year or two later. It is these oil paintings, often of surreal, organic landscapes of the Pembrokeshire coast, that secured his reputation as a leading British modern artist. Sutherland had first-hand experience of war. [12] Almost all of Sutherland's paintings of bomb damage from the Blitz, either in Wales or in London, are titled Devastation:... and as such form a single body of work reflecting the needs of war-time propaganda, with precise locations not being disclosed and human remains not shown. The same incident features in the Netflix series, The Crown, in which Sutherland is played by Stephen Dillane, and was discussed by Simon Schama in his 2015 BBC television series The Face of Britain by Simon Schama. Sutherland studied art at Goldsmiths College, London, after abandoning a railway engineering apprenticeship. [2][3] Churchill's wife, Lady Spencer-Churchill, had the painting destroyed within a year of receiving it. Sutherland taught at a number of establishments, namely Chelsea School of Art, Ruskin School of Drawing and Fine Art and at Goldsmiths'. He designed the Christ in Glory in the Tetramorph for Coventry Cathedral. He recorded war work at mines, steel works and quarries in Cornwall, South Wales and Derbyshire, and the devastation of bomb-damaged Cardiff, Swansea, London and northern France. From 1940 to 1945, he worked in the War Artists' Scheme, drawing bomb-sites, blast furnaces, tin … [7], Sutherland also took up glass design, fabric design, and poster design during the 1930s, and taught engraving at the Chelsea School of Art from 1926. In 1944, he was commissioned by Walter Hussey (the Vicar of St Matthew's Church, Northampton and an important patron of modern religious art) to paint The Crucifixion (1946). His early work, influenced by Samuel Palmer, was in etching and engraving, before he moved into ceramics and painting.During the Second World War, as an official war artist, he produced powerful studies of air-raid devastation in London and Swansea. Christ in Glory in the Tetramorph took three years to complete and was installed in 1962. This status was underlined by the award of the Order of Merit in 1960.[20]. He worked in Britain, documenting mining, industry, and bomb damage. To complete the work, Sutherland visited the weavers, Pinton Frères [fr] of Felletin in France, on nine occasions. Streatham 1903 - London 1980 Graham (Vivian) Sutherland was born on August 24, 1903, in Streatham near London. BBC Your Paintings: watch a slideshow of paintings by Graham Sutherland, BBC Local: The life and works of Sutherland, BBC News: Exhibition celebrates artist Sutherland, Graham Sutherland collection at Oriel y Parc, St Davids, National Museum Wales - Art Collections Online: Graham Sutherland, Graham Sutherland on the National Portrait Gallery website, Sutherland collection on the Tate website. The English neo-romantic artist Graham Sutherland (1903-1980), a painter and designer employed by the War Artists’ Advisory Committee to bear witness to the bomb damage in Wales and London, was commissioned by the House of Commons to paint a portrait of Winston Churchill in 1954. Such was Sutherland's standing in post-war Britain that he was commissioned to design the massive central tapestry in the new Coventry Cathedral, Christ in Glory in the Tetramorph. In the late 1940s, Sutherland started holidaying in France and in 1955 he and his wife Kathleen bought a fashionable modernist house near Nice. Graham Sutherland was already an established artist at the forefront of the Neo-Romantic movement when the Second World War began. His work is much inspired by landscape and religion, and he designed the tapestry for the re-built Coventry Cathedral. Upon leaving school, after some preliminary coaching in art, Sutherland began an engineering apprenticeship at the Midland Railway locomotive works in Derby as several members of the extended Sutherland family had previously worked there. As early as August 1940 he had been identified by the WAAC, and required to ‘'stand by to make pictures of debris and damage made by air raids'. Read more. He did not begin to paint in earnest until he was in his 30s, following the collapse of the print market in 1930 due to the Great Depression. Sutherland After initially refusing to be presented with it at all, he accepted it disparagingly as “a remarkable example of modern art". Graham Sutherland OM (1903–1980) was an English artist known for his works largely focused on landscape and religion. His portrait of Lord Beaverbrook pictured the newspaper baron as a cunning, reptilian creature. The main building of Coventry School of Art and Design, part of Coventry University, is named after Sutherland. Sutherland continued to work intermittently on the commission for the next 11 years. One of the leading British artists of the 20th century, Graham Sutherland was widely known for his prints and paintings. Sutherland died in 1980 and was buried in the graveyard of the Church of St Peter and St Paul in Trottiscliffe, Kent. On receiving the present, commissioned by his staff, Beaverbrook said, "It's an outrage, but it's a masterpiece!". From 1940 to 1945, he worked in the War Artists' Scheme, drawing bomb-sites, blast furnaces, tin-mining and quarrying. He fulfilled his role as war artist more than diligently. In 1946, Sutherland had his first exhibition in New York. [20] Following the Churchill portrait, Sutherland's portraits of, among others, Konrad Adenauer and the Queen Mother established him as something of an unofficial state portrait painter. This page has been archived and is no longer updated. This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets (CSS) enabled. BBC © 2014 The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. From 1940 to 1945 he was an official war artist, and his paintings from that period provide a factual and evocative record of desolation. His return to the Welsh landscape that inspired him sparked a second flowering of his creative powers. [5], Sutherland's early prints of pastoral subjects show the influence of Samuel Palmer, largely mediated by the older etcher, F.L. [14] In December 1944 he was sent to depict the damage inflicted by the RAF on the railway yards at Trappes and on the flying bomb sites at Saint-Leu-d'Esserent in France. [7] In 1934 he visited Pembrokeshire for the first time and was profoundly inspired by its landscape, and the region remained a source for his paintings for much of the following decade. However, in 1967 he visited Pembrokeshire for the first time in years with an Italian TV company who were making a film about him. [17] This was Sutherland's first major religious painting and his first large figure study. [7] While still a student Sutherland established a reputation as a fine printmaker and commercial printmaking was to be his main source of income throughout the late 1920s. The designated "official war artists" included in the programme included Edward Ardizzone, Paul and John Nash, Mervyn Peake, John Piper and Graham Sutherland - and Ardizzone, Paul Nash, Piper and Sutherland feature in the programme War Artists on full-time salaried contracts View Graham Sutherland’s 2,791 artworks on artnet. However, a visit to Pembrokeshire in 1967, his first trip there in nearly twenty years, led to a creative renewal that went some way toward restoring his reputation as a leading British artist. Graham Sutherland went on to be one of Britain’s most renowned modernists, an official second world war artist and member of the Order of Merit, who eventually felt distinguished enough to found a museum dedicated to himself. Following the outbreak of World War Two, Sutherland was appointed an Official War Artist. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets (CSS) if you are able to do so. Sutherland was employed as an official War Artist between September 1940 and November 1944. Sutherland focused on the inherent strangeness of natural forms, abstracting them to sometimes give his work a surrealist appearance; in 1936 he exhibited in the International Surrealist Exhibition in London. [5] After a year he succeeded in persuading his father that he was not destined for a career in engineering and that he should be allowed to study art. Printmaking, mostly of romantic landscapes, dominated Sutherland's work during the 1920s. Works by Sutherland are held in the collections of Amgueddfa Cymru – National Museum Wales, Bristol Museum and Art Gallery, Doncaster Museum and Art Gallery, Kirklees Museums and Art Gallery, Herbert Art Gallery and Museum, Manchester Art Gallery, National Portrait Gallery, Norwich Castle Museum and Art Gallery, Northampton Museums and Art Gallery, Pallant House Gallery, Southampton City Art Gallery, The Ingram Collection of Modern British and Contemporary Art, Tenby Museum and Art Gallery, The Fitzwilliam Museum and The Priseman Seabrook Collection. Sometimes forms which are often considered threatening in appearance are completely invented and have an organic appearance, as in his work Head III (1953).[24]. On recording the effects of the Order of Merit in 1960. 11. Are able to combine religious symbolism with nature, such as with putting thorns into his religious.... 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